A Historical Study of Rabies Outbreaks in East Nusa Tenggara Province in 2022-2024
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55606/ijmh.v5i2.6172Keywords:
East Nusa Tenggara, Epidemiology, Outbreak, Rabies, ZoonosisAbstract
Rabies is a fatal zoonotic disease and remains a public health problem in Indonesia, particularly in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara (NTT). This study aims to historically examine the Extraordinary Events (KLB) of rabies in NTT during the 2022–2024 period, including epidemiological patterns, case trends, distribution, and risk factors influencing the spread of the disease. The method used is a literature study with data sources from scientific journals, official reports, and related publications obtained through Google Scholar and PubMed databases. The study results indicate that rabies in NTT has been developing since 1997 and has become endemic in several regions, with a significant increase in cases in 2023 that met the KLB criteria. The trend of rabies-transmitting animal bites (GHPR) shows an increase from 12,721 cases in 2022 to 30,317 cases in 2024. The highest case distribution is found in the child age group, particularly 5–9 years old. As well as areas with a high dog population density. Major risk factors include low dog vaccination coverage, high animal mobility, low public knowledge, and limited access to health services. Control efforts through a One Health approach have been carried out, but they have not been optimal in breaking the chain of transmission.
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